Yoshida - Non-abelian Lubin-Tate 2


This will be a series of personal notes on the paper of Yoshida, "On Non-abelian Lubin-Tate Theory via Vanishing Cycles". The general format would be to have outlines in the first part and (stupid) questions in the second part. Also, in the middle, I will put background materials. Hopefully, most of the questions will be answered by the end of the month.

3. The Level \( \pi \) Deformation Space


3.1 The equation of the space


  • We would like to study \( X = \mathrm{Spec}~A_1 \) where \( A_1 \) is the deformation ring defined from the previous post. Then \( X \) is a regular flat scheme over \( S = \mathrm{Spec}~W \) of relative dimension \( n-1 \) with a (formally) smooth generic fiber.
  • Notation-wise, we shorten \( \widetilde{\Sigma}_n \) as simply \( \widetilde{\Sigma} \). Similarly, we shorten \( A_1 \) as simply \( A \).
  • We denote the generators of \( \mathfrak{m} \), the maximal ideal of \( A\), by \( X_1, \ldots, X_n \), i.e., \( \mathfrak{m} = (X_1, \ldots, X_n ) \)
  • (Assuming that \( \widetilde{X}_i \) are variables, but I am not sure), we know that \( X_1, \ldots, X_n \) is a set regular local parameters, hence the natural evaluation map
    \[ W[[ \widetilde{X}_1, \ldots, \widetilde{X}_n ]] \to A  \]
    defined by \( \widetilde{X}_i \mapsto X_i \) is a surjective local \(W\)-algebra homomorphism. Hence if \( I \) is the kernel, we obtain that \( A= W[[ \widetilde{X}_1, \ldots, \widetilde{X}_n ]]/I \).
  • \( W[[ \widetilde{X}_1, \ldots, \widetilde{X}_n ]] \) is a \( n+1 \)-dimensional regular local ring with the maximal ideal \( \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}} = (\pi, \widetilde{X}_1, \ldots, \widetilde{X}_n ) \)
  • \( A \) regular \( \Rightarrow I\) has height \( 1 \). Therefore \( I \) is principal. Let \( t \) be its generator. \( t \) is a part of the system of regular parameters of  \( W[[ \widetilde{X}_1, \ldots, \widetilde{X}_n ]] \). This implies that \( t \in I \backslash \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}^2 \).
  • For any \( t' \in I \backslash \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}^2 \),
    • \( \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}(t') = \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}^2 \cap (t') \)
    • \( (t')/\widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}(t') \to I/\widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}I \) is an injection.
    • Injection between 1-dimensional \( \bar{k} \)-vector spaces is an isomorphism
    • Nakayama's Lemma implies that (t') = I.
  • Then we can express \( \pi \) as follows
    \[ \pi = u_{\widetilde{\Sigma}} \cdot \prod_{\underline{a} \in k^n \backslash \{ \underline{0} \}} ( [a_1](X_1) +_{\widetilde{\Sigma}} \cdots +_{\widetilde{\Sigma}} [a_n](X_n)) \]
    where \( +_{\widetilde{\Sigma}}, [\cdot] \) denotes the operation of \( \mathfrak{m}_{\widetilde{\Sigma} \otimes A} \). 
  • \( \widetilde{\Sigma} \) is defined over \( A_0 \). 
  • \( \widetilde{\Sigma} \) is a formal \( \mathcal{O}_K \)-module over \( A_0 \). We base change to \( A \) by tensor. This means that \( A:=A_1 \) is an \( A_0 \)-algebra. This is because of the fact that there exists a representing morphism (of the forgetting morphism) \( A_0 \to A_m \) for all \( m \geq 1 \).

Questions:

  • Why is \( X \) defined above a regular flat scheme over \( S = \mathrm{Spec}~W \) of relative dimension \( n - 1 \) with a (formally) smooth generic fiber?
  • Is \( \widetilde{X}_i \) simply a variable?
    • So far, nothing went wrong when I assumed that \( \widetilde{X}_i \) is just a variable.
  • What do you mean by \( \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}(t') \)? Why does it become an injection?
    • Ideal product. The question boils down to saying that \( \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}I \cap (t') = \widetilde{\mathfrak{m}}(t') \) which is highly likely.

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